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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - or ADHD - is a real, and manageable, medical condition that affects millions of children and adolescents. It is neither a myth nor a mere discipline problem.
It is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children affecting about 3 to 5% of children globally with symptoms starting before seven years of age and, diagnosed twice as frequently in boys as in girls.
However, it is often too readily diagnosed (when the diagnosis doesn't meet all the DSM-IV essential criteria) to explain discipline problems or disruptive behaviors exhibited by seemingly "hyper" kids.
And, also because parents and teachers seek an easy control mechanism rather than persist with working with the child's behavior.
Some people pooh pooh the idea that ADHD or ADD exists and simply write off symptomatic childen as behaving badly and having poor parental discipline etc.
The use of prescription stimulant medication as a "control" doesn't help - indeed, obscures the acceptance of ADHD as a real disorder.
No objective test exists to make a diagnosis of ADHD, but a clinical diagnosis is possible.
The most common symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder are:
Impulsiveness: acting before thinking of consequences, jumping from one activity to another, disorganization, tendency to interrupt other peoples' conversations.
Hyperactivity: restlessness, often characterized by an inability to sit still, fidgeting, squirminess, climbing on things, restless sleep.
Inattention: easily distracted, day-dreaming, not finishing work, difficulty listening, and motor clumsiness.
Interesting too is that the symptoms persist into adulthood for 30-50% of diagnosed individuals. As they mature, adolescents and adults with ADHD though are likely to develop coping mechanisms to compensate for their impairment.
ADHD is not a condition that explains intermittent bad behavior or discipline problems at school. The symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder must be persistent and occur in multiple settings - at home, school and other extra-curricular activities.
The signs or symptoms should be observable from different sources - e.g. a teacher, other parents, baby sitters. Also, the exhibited behavior is off the normal scale causing significant disturbance. In other words, kids can be particularly naughty, but not have ADHD.
Two other things to note is that the hyper activity affects others and may cause injury; and that the behavior cannot be explained by events such as a family crisis or marked change in routine.
ADHD or attention deficit hyper-activity disorder is a combination of over active behavior and poor attention span and often results in learning difficulties and social disconnect and isolation
It is appropriate to consult a doctor who can review concerns and discuss the diagnostic criteria and make referrals as needed.
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